Meta, BlackRock form $14B venture for 1 GW El Paso data center; opens in 2028
Meta and BlackRock announced a $14 billion joint venture to develop and operate a 1-gigawatt AI data center campus in El Paso, Texas, with operations commencing in 2028. BlackRock funds control 80% of the venture while Meta retains 20% with full operational control. Meta contributes $2.3 billion in land and construction-in-progress assets; BlackRock provides $4.9 billion in cash, with $12.5 billion in debt financing. Meta enters a lease agreement with four-year initial term plus four 4-year extension options, effectively securing 20 years of capacity while limiting direct balance sheet exposure.
The structure marks a shift in how hyperscalers fund infrastructure: instead of bearing the full capex burden, Meta outsources ownership to institutional capital (BlackRock, Global Infrastructure Partners, HPS Investment Partners) while maintaining operational control and sole tenancy. Meta also provides residual value guarantees totaling $13 billion (decreasing over time), aligning interests between tech and finance in the long-term economics of AI capacity. The campus will support 4,000 construction jobs at peak and 300 permanent operational roles. Meta's $10 billion+ total investment comes as the company prepares Q2 earnings and faces investor scrutiny over capex discipline.
For operators: this is the capital structure innovation of 2026. Tech companies cannot sustainably self-fund $200 billion+ annual capex on their own; splitting infrastructure ownership 80/20 with professional asset managers is becoming the standard playbook. BlackRock's $12.5B debt raise for AI infra signals that institutional capital is now comfortable with long-term, fixed-revenue agreements tied to AI workloads. Watch for meta-level implications: if 1 GW in Texas costs $14B and requires leverage, capacity scarcity and pricing power for AI compute will persist longer than consensus expects.